What is Construction Management?
Construction management is a professional service involving oversight and control over tasks and activities in the construction phase. Typically handled by a Construction Manager (CM), it covers all essential elements of the construction process, including its schedule, cost, quality, function, and safety. This service is ideal for large-scale construction projects such as industrial facilities, commercial properties, transportation infrastructure, and other capital projects.
Purpose
Construction management aims to deliver high-quality construction projects in the allotted time and budget while meeting safety standards and the owner’s expectations. It establishes systems and procedures to ensure all construction activities are completed according to plan.
For this to work, the CM collaborates with all key stakeholders involved in the project: owners, architects, engineers, and general contractors. They are also responsible for the following tasks:
- determining what the project needs in terms of its construction;
- developing and weighing proposals for construction materials, assets, equipment, and workers; and
- aligning construction costs within the set budget.
In other words, construction management handles all aspects of construction work to guarantee its success and satisfy the client’s requirements.
Construction Management vs. Project Management: What’s the Difference?
Aside from the project owner, the top-level aspect of a construction project often involves two key players: the project manager (PM) and the construction manager (CM). These people work alongside each other to plan and coordinate tasks and provide status updates to the owner. While their jobs overlap with one another, there are striking differences between their duties.
The table below compares construction management and project management in terms of their scope, purpose, the expertise required, and responsibilities.
| Project Management | Construction Management | |
| Scope | Involved in all phases of the construction project | Mainly concerned with the construction phase |
| Purpose | Takes charge of project-related activities in the project | Manages the construction aspect of the project |
| Expertise | Overseeing the scope, cost, and schedule of the project | Handling construction work and how tasks are completed |
| Responsibilities |
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Benefits
It goes without saying that effective management is crucial when handling construction works, but how exactly does it benefit construction projects?
The primary strength of construction management lies in organizing workflows to ensure that tasks and activities go according to plan. This practice promotes a systematic order of carrying out jobs while avoiding disjointed processes. The latter, according to the most recent McKinsey Global Construction Productivity Survey, is one of the main drivers of poor construction performance. In other words, construction management improves overall productivity and boosts project performance.
The advantages of construction management also flow into other aspects of the construction process. In particular, it helps construction teams:
- Save time and money
- Optimize resources for a more efficient project delivery
- Prevent, mitigate, and manage risks in the construction process
- Build safe and better-quality infrastructure
Functions
Construction management consists of the following functions and tasks to fulfill the objectives and requirements of the construction project:
- Cost management –track and control funds throughout the construction process to ensure it stays within the allocated budget.
- Schedule management – map out and consistently follow a master timeline for construction tasks to complete projects on time.
- Quality management – develop, implement, and monitor quality assurance and quality control protocols in all levels of construction work to meet the owner’s standards, purpose, and objectives.
- Safety management – establish procedures to ensure safety within the construction site and building before occupancy.
- Change management – assess, carry out, and document necessary modifications or alterations in the original construction plan.
- Inspections – perform regular inspections throughout the construction process to verify its quality, safety, and legal compliance.
- Documentation – maintain a record of all correspondences, procedures, approvals, and change orders throughout the construction process.
The 5 Phases of Construction Management
1. Planning
In the planning phase, the CM develops a construction management plan comprising all relevant information about the construction project. It informs project teams and stakeholders about the owner’s vision and goals for the project and guides them throughout the construction process.
In addition, the CM also carries out the following activities:
- Collaborating with the designers of the project to evaluate and agree upon the feasibility of the owner’s objectives, targets, and specifications
- Determining the delivery method suitable for the project
- Assessing potential risks and setbacks during construction and devising strategies to avoid or mitigate them
- Planning strategies for managing waste from the construction site
2. Preconstruction
The preconstruction phase includes all necessary preparations before proceeding with the construction itself. The hiring process begins in this phase as the CM works hand in hand with the PM to choose the members of the construction teams.
Moreover, the CM also compiles the required documents for building permits and contractor bids, such as technical specifications, design drawings, and contracts for construction management.
3. Procurement
In this phase, the CM plans the procurement procedure for the construction equipment and materials in line with the project’s budget and schedule. During bidding, the CM will review all submitted proposals and negotiate the best terms for the construction’s goals and targets.
4. Construction
As mentioned in the previous sections, the bulk of the CM’s work goes into the construction phase. The CM pays close attention to the following construction activities to make sure the project runs smoothly and gets delivered as planned:
- Conducting regular quality control and site inspections. Use construction checklists to perform thorough site inspections.
- Running safety program audits on the work premises
- Processing and approving change orders
- Managing costs and work payment schedules
- Arranging necessary permits and insurance
- Responding to Requests for Information (RFIs)
- Coordinating construction teams for on-time completion
- Documenting change orders, inspections, corrective actions, communication, and other processes
5. Close-Out
This phase marks the completion of the construction project, but the CM’s responsibilities are far from over. In the close-out phase, the CM accomplishes all items in the construction punch lists. They must also observe a smooth turnover to the project owner by submitting project documents, manuals, ledgers, and reports for the owner’s reference.
Tools and Systems
The complexity of tasks in managing construction projects calls for efficient solutions to simplify and keep track of these processes effectively. Listed below are some of the most common tools used in construction management.
Daily Logs
A daily construction log provides basic information about the day-to-day site operations of construction workers. It outlines relevant tasks, updates, issues, and other essential details for coordinating effectively across different workstreams. Some examples of daily logs include the following:
- Communication logs – this document puts into the record all correspondences across teams for improved collaboration, such as phone logs, minutes of meetings, and more.
- Delivery logs – this document notes all equipment and materials procured throughout the construction process.
- Requests for Information (RFIs) – typically sent by general contractors, this document clarifies queries regarding contractual agreements, design plans, technical specifications, and similar topics.
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Field Reports
A construction field report—also known as a site report, progress report, and inspection report—is a document created during routine site inspections and other tasks such as excavations and backfillings. Through this document, stakeholders can have a clear overview of status updates, tasks, changes, and other relevant information observed in the construction premises.
With accurate field reports, construction teams can identify deficiencies before they worsen, avoid miscommunication among parties, and reduce construction delays.
Construction Management Software
To keep up with the increasing industry demands, construction managers have utilized the power of modern technology. A dedicated construction management software, in particular, is an excellent tool for digitizing time-consuming manual processes. This tool offers features to assist CMs in planning, scheduling, cost, and scope management.
With the help of this software, CMs can save time and effort from performing repetitive tasks and recalibrate their focus on the management aspect of construction.
